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BUDGET 2025 AT A GLANCE||| SOME KEY PROVISIONS

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  BUDGET 2025 AT A GLANCE SOME KEY PROVISIONS SARASIJ MAJUMDER   1.       10,000 additional seats to be inculcated in Medical Institutes in one year; 75,000 additional   medical seats will be created in next 5 years. 2.       100 GW target for Nuclear Power Generation by 2047. 3.       40,000 new houses will be added under Swayam Housing scheme. 4.       50 New Tourists’ destination will be developed by next year . 5.       A Maritime Development Fund with a corpus of ₹ 25,000 crore to be set up, with up to 49 per cent contribution by the Government, and the balance from ports and private sector. 6.       Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL) : 50,000 such labs are to be set up in government schools in 5 years. This is a part of Atal Innovation Mission (AIM). Comment: In my opinion, t...
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TUNNEL WAR AT GAZA

SARASIJ MAJUMDER

Egypt relinquished its claim to Gaza in the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty of 1978. The treaty, known as the Camp David Accords, called for Israel to establish Palestinian self-rule in the territory instead. Jordan agreed to a similar Liberation Organization  term in the 1980s, giving up its claims on the West Bank in favour of the Palestinian Liberation Organization.

Since the Israel–Palestine Liberation Organization letters of recognition of 1993, the Gaza Strip came under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian Authority.

Israel unilaterally disengaged from the Gaza Strip in 2005. Since then, GAZA is occupied by HAMAS, and they are carrying out missile attacks on ISRAEL from GAZA.

As Israel ground forces has started entering Gaza, the major obstacle IDF facing is  sanitizing network of tunnels.

The secret tunnel labyrinth comprises about 1,300 tunnels spanning throughout the Strip. Hamas claims that the total length of the tunnels stretch over 500 km. This is a remarkable figure given that the entire territory of Gaza is only 41 km long and 10 km wide. In comparison, the Delhi Metro’s total network length is around 393 km. 

The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) have dubbed this network as the “Gaza metro.” Some of the tunnels are believed to be almost 30 meters (100ft) below the ground. The actual size has not yet been determined.

These tunnels are approx. 40–80 meters underground , 2.5 M wide X 2.5 m high, and expanding over hundreds of kilometers. These tunnels connect underground rooms, halls, Arms Depot, and a habitat in itself.  The tunnels are safe heaven for Hamas terrorists and are mostly under civilian areas. The entries, and exits are through houses on land. These tunnels are having chimneys with  air fans to get air in. Short supply of fuel is creating air circulation system in jeopardy for tunnels.

Inside the tunnels Hamas keep their hoard of weapons and also save themselves from IDF attacks. In mid-1990’s the Hamas started building these tunnels and it got speeded up when Hamas took complete control over Gaza in 2006.

IDF decided to use “SPONGE BOMBS” in this fight.

“Sponge bombs” are explosive devices designed to produce a sudden release of expanding foam that subsequently hardens. The devices are typically encased in protective plastic, with a metal barrier separating two distinct liquids. Upon activation, these liquids mix and move towards their intended target.

In 2021, during exercises conducted in a simulated tunnel system near the Gaza border, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) were observed using these devices.




Source:-

1.0 THE TIMES OF ISRAEL / IDF

2.0 WION

3.0 AL-JAZEERA

 

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